All Agreements on Climate Change: A Comprehensive Overview
Climate change is one of the most pressing challenges facing humanity today. It has been a topic of global concern for several decades, as evidence and scientific data have shown that the Earth`s climate is changing at an unprecedented rate due to human activities. In an attempt to counteract this phenomenon, countries across the world have come together to form various agreements to tackle the issue of climate change. This article provides a comprehensive overview of all such agreements.
The Kyoto Protocol
The Kyoto Protocol is an agreement under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that was adopted in 1997 and entered into force in 2005. It is the first international legally binding agreement that sets targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The protocol aims to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 5.2 percent below 1990 levels between 2008 and 2012. The agreement covers only developed countries that have ratified it, and it does not apply to developing countries.
The Paris Agreement
The Paris Agreement is a landmark global agreement under the UNFCCC that was adopted in 2015. It aims to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius while pursuing efforts to limit the increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius. The agreement requires countries to submit Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), which outline their plans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The Paris Agreement has been signed by 197 countries and ratified by 189.
G20 Leaders` Declaration on Climate Change
The G20 Leaders` Declaration on Climate Change was adopted in 2019 and signed by the world`s largest economies, including the US, China, and India. It reaffirmed the commitment of the G20 countries to the Paris Agreement and called for increased efforts to achieve the goals of the agreement. The declaration also acknowledged the urgent need to address the challenges of climate change and its impacts.
Montreal Protocol
The Montreal Protocol is an international agreement signed in 1987 to protect the Earth`s ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances. The protocol is widely regarded as one of the most successful international environmental agreements, with virtually all countries in the world ratifying it. The protocol has helped to reduce the use of ozone-depleting substances by more than 98 percent, contributing significantly to the protection of the Earth`s ozone layer.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the issue of climate change continues to be a major concern for the entire world. As a result, many international agreements have been established to address the issue. From the Kyoto Protocol to the Paris Agreement and the G20 Leaders` Declaration, these agreements reflect the world`s ongoing efforts to combat climate change and its devastating impacts. By working together, countries across the globe can make progress towards a more sustainable future.